Dark circles under the eyes can affect people of all ages, genders and skin types. While often attributed simply to lack of sleep, the reality of dark under eye circles is more nuanced, and effective treatment requires identifying the specific causes of your concerns rather than applying a one-size-fits-all solution.
A Note From Dr Aleks
The under eye area represents one of the most challenging yet rewarding regions to treat in facial aesthetics. It is amazing that an area so small can have such a profound impact on our appearance.
Our under eyes contain some of the thinnest skin found anywhere on our bodies, and they are frequently exposed to the sun and environmental stressors. This is why they are so vulnerable to both internal and external factors. We develop dark under eye circles due to complex interactions between the thickness of our skin, pigmentation, blood vessels and our facial structure.
Common Characteristics
- Visible darkness or shadowing beneath the eyes
- Appearance of hollows or depressions under the eyes
- Thin skin texture showing underlying vessels
- Puffiness or bags that create shadows
- Visible fine lines or crepiness
- Variation in appearance based on lighting, fatigue and hydration
Contributing Factors
- Genetics and hereditary factors
- Age-related volume loss and skin changes
- Environmental factors (sun exposure, pollution)
- Lifestyle contributors (sleep patterns, hydration, diet)
- Medical conditions, such as allergies or asthma
- Stress and fatigue
Understanding Under Eye Dark Circles
Dark circles have several possible causes that may occur alone or in combination.
Pigmentary Dark Circles
Some individuals develop actual pigmentation changes in the under eye area. Hyperpigmentation can result from genetics, sun exposure or inflammatory skin conditions. The darker skin tone is visible through the thin eyelid skin, creating the appearance of dark circles.
Structural Dark Circles
We naturally lose facial fat as we age, including in the under eye area. Volume loss can create hollows or depressions (known as tear troughs) that cast shadows beneath our eyes. The positioning of our facial bones, particularly the orbital rim, also influences how pronounced these shadows appear.
Vascular Dark Circles
The thin skin beneath our eyes allows blood vessels to show through more prominently than in other facial areas. If these blood vessels dilate—for reasons such as fatigue, allergies or alcohol consumption—they can become more visible and create a blue-purple appearance.
Textural Changes
Fine lines and thinning of the skin due to ageing or environmental damage can contribute to the appearance of dark circles by creating uneven light reflection in the under eye area.
Frequently Asked Questions About Under Eye Circles
Pigmentary dark circles appear as actual discolouration of the skin that remains visible regardless of lighting or angle. Structural dark circles, caused by hollowing or tear troughs, tend to appear more as shadows that may change or disappear in different lighting conditions. Many people have a combination of both types.
Effective eye creams may contain ingredients like vitamin C, retinol, peptides, hyaluronic acid or niacinamide. However, topical products have limitations, particularly for structural causes of dark circles. During your consultation, we can recommend products specifically suited to your concerns.
Dark circles are not a sign of illness for most people. However, in some cases, pronounced or sudden-onset dark circles might be associated with a medical condition. If you notice dramatic changes in your under eyes, especially if they are accompanied by other symptoms, it is a good idea to speak to your healthcare provider.
Lifestyle adjustments can help minimise the appearance of dark circles, particularly if yours worsen with certain habits. Staying well-hydrated, getting adequate sleep, using sun protection and managing allergies can all contribute to improvement. However, when dark circles are primarily due to genetics or anatomy, lifestyle changes alone may have limited impact.
Dehydration can definitely contribute to the appearance of dark circles. When our bodies lack adequate water, our skin appears duller, less plump and thinner—all factors that can make dark circles more prominent. Dehydration may also lead to fluid retention, causing puffiness that casts shadows under our eyes. Maintaining proper hydration can help minimise these effects, though it's unlikely to eliminate dark circles caused by other factors.
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Consultation at OLA Aesthetics
To explore your options for refreshing the under eye area, we invite you to schedule a consultation at OLA Aesthetics in West Perth.